Lesson 1: Non-Coding and Coding DNA

DNA can be split into non-coding and coding DNA.

 

Coding and Non-Coding DNA

Coding DNA codes for different proteins. Non-coding DNA does not code for proteins or amino acids.

  • Only 1% of DNA is made up of protein-coding genes
  • The other 99% is non-coding.
  • Non-coding DNA does not provide instructions for making proteins.
  • Scientists thought non-coding DNA was "junk" but this isn't correct.

 

Introns and Exons

An intron is a portion of a gene that doesn't code for amino acids.

  • The parts of the gene sequence that are expressed in a protein are called exons.
  • The parts of a gene that aren't expressed are called introns - they come in between exons.