Lesson 1: What is Genomics?

Genomics is a branch of molecular biology to do with the structure, function, evolution and mapping of a genome of an organism.

  • It's the study of all of the person's genes - including interactions of those genes with each other and a person's environment.
  • The UK is recognised worldwide as a leader in genomics and the unique structure of the NHS allows them to deliver advances at a scale.

Genomics is important because it can help us identify the cause of genetic diseases

  • Some rare diseases are caused by a simple change (variant) in DNA - a bit like a spelling mistake.
  • Looking at a person's genome can help find which DNA changes might be causing the problem.

 

Genomics and Cancer

  • In cancer, the tumour cells have developed a different genome to the healthy cells.

    • Comparing the normal and cancer genomes may give clues about ways to treat the cancer.

    • For some patients, learning more about their genome may mean that a particular treatment can be recommended.