Lesson 4: What is a Genome?

What's a genome?

A genome is the complete set of DNA in an organism.

  • Nearly every single cell in a body contains a complete copy of approximately 3 billion DNA base pairs, or letters, that make up the human body.
    • Zygote's don't contain a complete copy of cells.
  • DNA contains the information needed to build each cell in an organism.

 

Genes direct the production of proteins

  • Located on 23 pairs of chromosomes packed into the nucleus of a cell, genes direct the production of proteins with the assistance of enzymes and messenger molecules.
    • An enzyme is a biological catalyst - it speeds up a reaction.